How it is done?
Scaling and root planing are done with a combination of
ultrasonic scalers and hand instruments. Ultrasonic instruments are electric or
air-powered. They have two components:
- A relatively dull metal tip that vibrates at a very high frequency and “knocks” plaque
and calculus off the tooth
- A water irrigation system that cools the tip and helps to flush out debris from around
the teeth
Hand instruments are not powered. They have cutting edges that your dentist or hygienist
uses to chip away plaque and calculus.
These instruments come in various shapes and sizes. Different instruments are used for
different teeth, and even for different surfaces of the same tooth.
Typically, ultrasonic instruments are used first to remove large deposits of plaque and
calculus from the crowns and roots of the teeth. Hand instruments called scalers and
curettes are then used to remove any remaining material and make sure that the tooth
surface is clean and smooth. When working under the gum line, your dentist or hygienist
cannot see the plaque or calculus. He or she will rely on the sense of touch to feel for
roughness on the root surface.
Sometimes, scaling and root planing can be completed in one visit. This usually is
possible if you have gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease. However, if you have
periodontitis, multiple visits are usually needed. The periodontist typically will do
one-quarter of your mouth (a quadrant) at each visit.
Follow-Up
For two to three days after the treatment, you may have some soreness and
be sensitive to hot and cold temperatures. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help.
You may be asked to use an antiseptic mouth rinse after scaling and root planing. This is
especially likely if your gums are very sore. However, you should continue brushing and flossing
as usual. You can expect some minor bleeding in the first days after scaling and root planing.
This usually stops within a week.
Risks
Treating periodontitis decreases gum inflammation. It also eliminates
periodontal pockets, which can trap plaque. Therefore, if treatment is successful, the swelling
will
be gone and your gums will shrink or recede.
The extent of shrinkage depends on the initial depth of the pocket and the severity of
periodontitis. The more severe the disease, the more your gums will recede after successful
therapy.
As a result, some part of the root is exposed. This makes the tooth look longer. It also will be
more sensitive to heat and cold. To prevent root cavities, your dentist may prescribe a
fluoride-containing gel. It’s also important to control plaque.
Has your medical doctor told you that you need to take antibiotics before certain dental
procedures?
If so, tell your dentist or hygienist about this before you undergo scaling and root planing.
When to call a dentist?
If you develop a fever or a lot of bleeding, pain or swelling after
scaling and root planing, contact your dental professional.